Abstraction in computational thinking refers to the process of simplifying complex systems by focusing on the most important details while ignoring unnecessary details. This allows for easier problem-solving and understanding of the system. Automation, on the other hand, involves the use of technology to perform tasks without human intervention. In computational thinking, automation often involves writing code to execute repetitive tasks or processes, making them more efficient and less prone to human error. Both abstraction and automation are key concepts in computational thinking, as they enable the development of efficient and scalable solutions to complex problems. **

Cognitive development, or thinking development, is not fully matured at 11 years old. While significant progress has been made in cognitive abilities by this age, the brain continues to develop and change throughout adolescence and into early adulthood. Higher-order thinking skills, such as abstract reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making, continue to develop well into the teenage years and beyond. Therefore, it is important to recognize that cognitive development is an ongoing process that extends beyond 11 years old. **

One can retrain in IT system integration by enrolling in a relevant training program or pursuing a degree in computer science or information technology. Additionally, one can also take online courses or obtain certifications in IT system integration. To improve logical thinking, one can practice problem-solving exercises, engage in coding challenges, and work on logical puzzles. It is also beneficial to stay updated with the latest trends and developments in the IT industry to enhance one's logical thinking skills in the context of IT system integration. **

While emotions can play a role in politics, it is ultimately a field that requires a balance of logical thinking and emotional intelligence. Political decisions are often based on a combination of facts, values, and public opinion, making it necessary to consider both rational arguments and emotional responses. Therefore, it is important for politicians and citizens alike to engage in critical thinking and thoughtful analysis when navigating political issues. **

Hypothetical-deductive thinking is a problem-solving approach that involves creating a hypothesis or educated guess about a situation and then testing it through deductive reasoning. Deductive thinking, on the other hand, is a logical process where one starts with a general statement or hypothesis and then examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion. In essence, hypothetical-deductive thinking combines the generation of hypotheses with deductive reasoning to arrive at a solution, while deductive thinking focuses solely on drawing specific conclusions from general principles. **

Hypothetico-deductive thinking is a scientific method that involves formulating a hypothesis and then testing it through observation and experimentation to reach a conclusion. It is a process of making educated guesses and then systematically testing them to determine their validity. Deductive thinking, on the other hand, is a logical process where conclusions are drawn based on a set of premises or assumptions. It involves reasoning from general principles to specific instances to reach a logical conclusion. **

Besides spatial and visual thinking, other types of thinking include analytical thinking, which involves breaking down complex problems into smaller, more manageable parts; critical thinking, which involves evaluating and analyzing information in a logical and systematic way; and creative thinking, which involves generating new and innovative ideas and solutions. Additionally, there is also abstract thinking, which involves understanding and conceptualizing ideas that are not necessarily tied to concrete objects or experiences. These different types of thinking can be used in combination to approach problems and tasks from various angles and perspectives. **

Thinking can be exhausting depending on the intensity and duration of the mental activity. Engaging in deep, complex, or prolonged thinking can drain mental energy and lead to fatigue. However, moderate and balanced thinking is essential for problem-solving, decision-making, and creativity. It is important to take breaks, practice mindfulness, and engage in activities that promote relaxation to prevent mental exhaustion. **